A history published in the 75th League anniversary issue of the Bristol Chesstimes in 1982.

By Alastair Brown
With postscript by David Collier

The Bristol & Clifton Chess Club is the direct descendant of the Bristol Chess Club formed in 1829. It is probably the oldest chess club in the country outside London. (A claim to this distinction by the Liverpool Chess Club, formed in 1837, in a letter to the Times Literary Supplement in March 1916, was very quickly refuted).

Prior to its formation, enthusiasts played weekly at the home of a Mr. Withers in Castle Street but, eventually, when the membership reached 60 they moved to rented rooms at 25 Trinity Street, College Green.

The club’s first president, Elijah Williams, was one of the greats of his day and good enough to play in the first London tournament in 1851. He was, however, one of the slowest players of his time, so much so that Howard Staunton, when playing him, is reputed to have remarked ‘My God, Elijah, you’re not just supposed to sit there – you’re supposed to sit there and think!’

The club meandered its way through the 19th century, its fortunes, and clubroom, changing from time to time. At one period it was open seven days a week from 9.30 am to 9.30 pm for an annual sub of 2/6 (12½p). Riotous evenings, otherwise known as soirées, were held in the Victoria Rooms and these helped to keep the club’s financial head above water.

In 1871, the club was relegated (promoted?) to the attic of the Athenæum where the members declared ‘their brains were frozen in the winter and dissolved in the summer’. This precipitated a crisis and the club was reformed under the name ‘The Bristol & Clifton Chess Association’ and opened in the Academy of Fine Arts in Queen’s Road. The following year membership had reached 100 – plus six lady associate members at a reduced fee of 5/6

Several of the leading players of the day visited the club over the years. Among these were Löwenthal who wrote in the Daily Telegraph that ‘of all chess clubs out of London, that of Bristol is one of the most famous’ and who was engaged by the club for a week’s practice; Blackburne who played a ten game blindfold simultaneous; Zukertort who played a twelve game blindfold simultaneous followed by a 60 board simultaneous; and Lasker.
In 1882, after moving house to the Imperial Hotel, Clifton the club changed its name to that by which it is known today.

In 1883 there was published a history of the club (see the link to this on the League website), written by one of its vice-presidents, J.Burt. Included in the book are 150 games played by members over the years and annotated in a style that sounds foreign to the modern ear, shades of the days of gracious living, e.g. B & C v Howard Staunton, Correspondence Game: ‘but for the necessity of making this defensive move, there is every probability that the Bristol players would have acquire the better game’. ‘This is a very effective move in appearance but it did not answer the expectations of its authors.’ B & C v Birmingham: ‘The Bristol Players are entitled to the highest degree of credit for the skilful manner in which they handled their Q at this stage of the game’. And many mo

The club’s claim to fame in having an opening named after it stems from a correspondence match with Dublin where, in a King’s Bishop Gambit, the club opened 1 P-K4 P-K4; 2 P-KB4 PxP; 3 B-K2 which is annotated ‘This ridiculous mode of continuing the opening is simply third rate play, styled by its admirers “The Clifton Gambit”. For the credit of the Bristol Club, we trust its sponsors will give their protégé a more deserving title; one in accordance with its merits’.

At the turn of the century, the club was in a very healthy state and, by far, the strongest in the city and beyond – strong enough to take on the best of the rest and win. In 1921, Capablanca played a 40 board simul and won 39. There were 200 spectators at the event.

With the formation of more local clubs in the late twenties, the club fell into decline and only the efforts of a few dedicated members kept it from falling by the wayside. It recovered slowly to a position where it was, once more, able to invite the best, Alekhine and Koltanowski giving simuls in the late 30s.

It survived the 2nd World War when activities were drastically curtailed and, by 1946, membership had risen to 95.
From the records it appears to have had over 20 clubrooms in its long history, most of these being in and around the Clifton area. These have varied in standard from good to downright appalling.

The club has always taken a very active part in the League and supported it through good times and bad. One of its main attractions was that it tried to cater for all standards of player, running tournaments throughout winter and summer, two nights a week, to suit everyone. Although no longer able, or willing, to run soirées in the Victoria Rooms, nevertheless, it could loosen its stays, let down its hair and enjoy the lighter side of the game on occasions. In addition, it had an extensive library of chess books available on loan to members.

It would be unfair to single out the contribution of any individual in its history as it has been well served by many enthusiastic and dedicated officers since its foundation – as enthusiastic and dedicated today as they were when they formed the club at Mr.Wither’s house in the year when Oxford first met Cambridge in the Boat Race and Stevenson’s Rocket won the Rainham speed trials at 29 mp

Postscript by David Collier, 2007

Over the last 25 years the fortunes of the club have continued to fluctuate. At the beginning of the period Clifton, bolstered by a significant influx of players from Swindon, dominated the League with two strong teams in the first division, the B Team actually winning the championship on one occasion.
The club enjoyed several long runs in the National Club Competition at a time when it was heavily sponsored, which boosted club funds to what seemed at the time almost to be an embarrassment of riches (but which were eventually used to keep the club going through some of the bad times to come).

The Club reached the final twice but were beaten finalists both times.
After a long stay at St Georges Hall (big and spacious, but freezing in winter), the club moved briefly to a church hall in Redland, then found a very popular venue, the Polish Club in St Paul’s Road. Although big and spacious, but freezing in winter there were the added advantages of a Clifton location and a separate bar serving amongst other things, excellent Polish beers and spirits. At this time there was a flourishing social side with players happy in the knowledge that if they turned up there would always be somebody to play.

Due to a clash of personalities and the apparent inability of the club to pay the rent on time (despite its significant reserves) we obtained premises across the road at the British Legion, or so we thought. The expected rubber stamping by the British Legion committee was not forthcoming and suddenly the venerable club was in the unhappy position of starting the season without a venue. Stirling work by a couple of club stalwarts found us shelter in the RAFA Club in Henleaze.

This was great news in that it meant we were no longer homeless, but it was not the place we would have chosen except in dire emergency. The room was, unusually for Clifton, small, cramped and overheated in winter. The venue was not central and there was a rapid exodus of members.
The reduction in membership meant that we were able to fit into a room above the Lansdown public house. This proved to be a popular location except for the rather cramped conditions. There was also the problem that moving back to Clifton attracted more members but they wouldn’t fit in. The offer of much larger and rent-free premises in the basement of the Channings was too good to miss, despite the poor lighting and inadequate furniture.

Unfortunately a change of manager at the Channings meant our stay there was limited and we were pleased to squeeze back into the Lansdown. This too did not last long as the ceiling fell down, fortunately not on a club night, hence the sudden move to the premises of the West of England Bridge Club.
There are undoubted differences between Bridge and Chess but there are enough similarities in their requirements to be sure that playing conditions are about as good as one could wish for.

It seems fitting that in the League’s centenary year the oldest club should celebrate one of it’s best years, winning the Championship, the 2nd division, the Open and Minor cups and the summer quickplay team tournament. Also one of our members, Chris Beaumont, won the League’s individual championship. It is good to see that there is a lot of life left in the old club and we are now working towards getting the social side flourishing once more.

Postscript by David Collier, 2024

Our stay at the West of England Bridge Club had to end when the Bridge Club was asked to leave its premises and as their sub tenants we too had to leave.

Fortunately we found an excellent new home at the Redland Tennis Club, but over time space for casual players was withdrawn and we had to look for somewhere with more room.
The club had had a successful period, winning the 1st division of the Bristol and District Chess League no less than 10 times from 2006/7 to 2019/20.

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Nelson Fedden (1835-1910)

Nelson Fedden (1835-1910) was a member of the Club in the late 19th century. As a member of Cardiff Chess Club he played against us in the 1860s and took part in matches and simultaneous displays against strong players which were organised by our club. He
eventually joined in the 1870s, winning the Club Championship in 1885 and 1887.

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The Bristol Chess Club – by John Burt (1883)

The Bristol Chess Club was formed in 1829 or 1830, probably the first English club outside London, and for many of the following years Bristol was a major chess centre. Players such as Staunton, Lowenthal, Blackburne and Zukertort were visitors to the club, and it had its own strong players, such as Elijah Williams, Captain Kennedy and Miss Mary Rudge (the best female player in the world of her time). The club (now called Bristol & Clifton) is still very much in existence today.

We know little about John Burt, but we can deduce some things from the book. We know he was a gentleman living in Clifton, but we do not know his occupation or profession. He had sufficient leisure time in 1870 to undertake a lengthy “summer tour” in the Isle of Wight. In 1873, he announced his decision to leave Bristol and got a gift of a very handsome clock from the members. But then, he never left and we never find out why in the book. We can only imagine the mutterings of the members who had contributed to the magnificent leaving present!

John Burt died suddenly, “in the prime of life” at the age of 55, obituaries appearing in the British Chess Magazine, Chess Monthly, and The Clifton Chronicle and Directory. On the 21st March 1888, the latter had printed what is probably Burt’s last known published game: a loss to Blackburne in an eight player blindfold simul on the 3rd March, and, the following week, it reported that Burt had played on board 3 for Bath and beaten Mr. Leonard of Bristol & Clifton. He died just two weeks later, on the 11th April 1888.

Burt seems to have had some very progressive views for Victorian England. He writes “All creeds and classes should be dropped at the chess-room door, and one and all meet in Caïssa’s Temple on an equal footing.” In 1872, we find Burt “proposed that ladies should be admitted to the Club as associates, at an annual subscription of 5s., which was agreed to. We believe that no members of the softer sex were admitted as subscribers, by any chess club in this country, prior to this date.”

The rules of the early clubs contain further surprises. About four years ago, the Bristol League’s AGM voted to permit clubs to decide to make their venues non-smoking. We thought we were being terribly up to date and moving with the flow of public opinion. But, in the Bristol Athenæum Club’s rules of 1859 we find: “7. Smoking is not allowed in the club room.”

Copies of the book are now quite rare and I decided to put this copy on the Internet so that more people would get a chance to read it. The “Bristol Chess Club” is actually in four parts or “books”. Book I is the history section and Books II – IV consist of games and problems. I would be interested in receiving any further information anyone has on John Burt and Bristol’s chess history.

John Richards, 12 November 1997.

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Club of the Year Application by Peter Ackland, 2024

The 2023/24 season has seen a dramatic turnaround in the fortunes of Bristol & Clifton Chess Club, with the club, and its members, claiming seven of the 14 trophies recently awarded at the Bristol League AGM.

The club emerged from the Covid pandemic in a perilous state, as bad as at any time in its
195-year history; just eight active members remained on the club books. However, the club moved swiftly, starting the coaching of juniors at the “Knights of Bristol” (a junior academy affiliated to the Bristol & Clifton Club), to organise OTB tournaments, and welcome new and returning players. These foundations allowed modest progress to be made in 2022/23, which blossomed into spectacular results in 2023/24.

In their first season of league competition the Junior side enjoyed outstanding success, winning Division 4 of the Bristol league, and outplaying many vastly more experienced sides. The success of the seven junior players that played for the league team has motivated many more juniors to want to play competitive chess and next season the club will have two junior teams in the league with 14 juniors in the league squad. Two juniors also enjoyed great individual success; Advay Misra won the minor section of the Bristol Centenary and West of England Championships, with a 100% score, and Elliott Bleeg secured the Alan Ashby U18 Shield.

The 2023/24 season was also a great one for our older members. The club fielded five adult teams in the league; the A team were runners up in Division One; B team won Division Two and were promoted; and C & D teams came first and second in Division Five. The icing on the cake was winning the Minor Knock Out competition to add to the haul of cups won in a great season. 41 adult members contributed to our league successes; a fivefold increase in league players compared with the dark days, post Covid. The club’s evergreen IM, Chris Beaumont, won the award for best placed Bristol player in the Open section of the Congress for the second year running.

Apart from league games there are regular social and casual games, all formats of the game, enjoyed by both the league players and over the course of the year an additional 21 social players. To keep interest over the summer months, when league competitions end, we have introduced an internal club ladder; all games are played over standard time formats and are ECF graded. In the first two months of the ladder 27 club members have competed.

At the beginning of the 2023/24 season, we found a new venue, the Bristol Bridge Club, to play at. This proved a major breakthrough as the space available enables us to play chess most weekday evenings, and to organise weekend tournaments. To promote our new venue, in July 2023 we hosted the traditional Graeme Thomson memorial Rapid play tournament and collected donations for McMillan charity. At end of September 2023 the club hosted the British Blitz Southwest qualifier event. In December 2023 we organised the 5th Bristol Blitz championship with 69 players, including one GM, three IMs and one FM. In February 2024 we ran a two-day Congress for players graded under 1850, attended by 40 players many of them juniors for whom this was first standard play tournament.

In conclusion 2023/24 was a wonderful year for Bristol & Clifton Chess Club, with notable team and individual success, a huge increase in membership, and the benefits of a new venue that enables us to organise many more chess playing opportunities. The biggest highlight of all was the progress and  achievements of our Junior players. Success breeds success and we have already notified the Bristol league that we would like to field an additional two teams, in the 2024/25 season and anticipate that we will have 50-60 players competing in the league next year.